Friday, March 21, 2025

The Land of Biscay (by A.E. Housman).




This poem is found in Housman’s

More Poems, it is poem number 46:  


Hearken, landsmen, hearken, seamen,

      to the tale of grief and me,

Looking from the land of Biscay

      on the waters of the sea.


Looking from the land of Biscay

      over Ocean to the sky

On the far-beholding foreland

      paced at even grief and I.

There, as warm the west was burning

      and the east uncoloured cold,

Down the waterway of sunset

      drove to shore a ship of gold.

Gold of mast and gold of cordage,

      gold of sail to sight was she,

And she glassed her ensign golden

      in the waters of the sea.


Oh, said I, my friend and lover,

      take we now that ship and sail

Outward in the ebb of hues and 

      steer upon the sunset trail;

Leave the night to fall behind us

      and the clouding counties leave;

Help for you and me is yonder,

      in a haven west of eve.


Under hill she neared the harbour,

     till the gazer could behold

On the gold deck the steersman

     standing at the helm of gold,

Man and ship and sky and water

     burning in a single flame;

And the mariner of Ocean,

     he was calling as he came:

From the highway of the sunset

     he was calling as he came:

From the highway of the sunset

     he was shouting on the sea,

‘Landsman of the land of Biscay,

     have you help for grief and me?’


When I heard I did not answer,

     I stood mute and shook my head:

Son of earth and son of Ocean,

     much we thought and nothing said.

Grief and I abode the nightfall,

     to the sunset grief and he 

Turned them from the land of Biscay

     on the waters of the sea.


The poem with the stressed

syllables underlined:


Hearken, landsmen, hearken, seamen,

      to the tale of grief and me,

Looking from the land of Biscay

      on the waters of the sea.


Looking from the land of Biscay

      over Ocean to the sky

On the far-beholding foreland

      paced at even grief and I.

There, as warm the west was burning

      and the east uncoloured cold,

Down the waterway of sunset

      drove to shore a ship of gold.

Gold of mast and gold of cordage,

      gold of sail to sight was she,

And she glassed her ensign golden

      in the waters of the sea.


Oh, said I, my friend and lover,

      take we now that ship and sail

Outward in the ebb of hues and 

      steer upon the sunset trail;

Leave the night to fall behind us

      and the clouding counties leave;

Help for you and me is yonder,

      in a haven west of eve.


Under hill she neared the harbour,

     till the gazer could behold

On the golden deck the steersman

     standing at the helm of gold,

Man and ship and sky and water

     burning in a single flame;

And the mariner of Ocean,

     he was calling as he came:

From the highway of the sunset

     he was shouting on the sea,

Landsman of the land of Biscay,

     have you help for grief and me?’


When I heard I did not answer,

     I stood mute and shook my head:

Son of earth and son of Ocean,

     much we thought and nothing said.

Grief and I abode the nightfall,

     to the sunset grief and he 

Turned them from the land of Biscay

     on the waters of the sea.


Analysis:

This poem has a real interesting

beat to it and it is a pity that

Housman did not create other

poems in this style. Grief, in 

this poem, is a friend and 

companion, and they encounter

another couple in the same 

situation. Housman often likes

to dramatize issues by have a 

person talk or consider another

version of himself, here these

duel identities are doubled.

    Like Ned in “Hellgate”, the

steersman is burning with some

awful guilt, no doubt secret and

sexual in nature. The poem ends

on a despairing note.


The illustration is incorrect, one

of the characters should be on

land. I drew it before I reread 

the poem, I will redraw it 

eventually.


© C.A. MacLennan 2025




Thursday, March 20, 2025

I Lay me Down and Slumber (by A.E. Housman).

 


This poem is found in Housman’s

More Poems, it is poem number 13: 


I lay me down and slumber

   And every morn revive.

Whose is the night-long breathing

   That keeps a man alive?


When I was off to dreamland

   And left my limbs forgot,

Who stayed at home to mind them,

   And breathed when I did not?

        .    .    .     .    .

– I waste my time in talking,

   No heed at all takes he,

My kind and foolish comrade

  That breathes all night for me.


The poem with the stressed

syllables underlined:


I lay me down and slumber

   And every morn revive.

Whose is the night-long breathing

   That keeps a man alive?


When I was off to dreamland

   And left my limbs forgot,

Who stayed at home to mind them,

   And breathed when I did not?

        .    .    .     .    .

– I waste my time in talking,

   No heed at all takes he,

My kind and foolish comrade

  That breathes all night for me.


Analysis:


This is a favourite theme of

Housman: looking at himself

and wondering how he keeps

living. The fact that this other

self is seen as "comrade" fits

with the theme of male

friendship that also is a strong

vein running through his work.

You could say that it is this

sense of friendship that keeps

him alive.


© C.A. MacLennan 2025


Sunday, March 16, 2025

Epitaph on an Army of Mercenaries (by A.E. Housman).



This poem is found in Housman’s

Last Poems, it is poem number 37.:

  

These, in the day when heaven was

falling,

     The hour when earth’s foundations

fled,

Followed their mercenary calling

     And took their wages and are dead.


Their shoulders held the sky suspended;

     They stood, and earth’s foundations

stay;

What God abandoned, these defended,

     And saved the sum of things for pay.


The poem with the stressed

syllables underlined:


These, in the day when heaven was

falling,

     The hour when earth’s foundations

fled,

Followed their mercenary calling

     And took their wages and are dead.


Their shoulders held the sky suspended;

     They stood, and earth’s foundations

stay;

What God abandoned, these defended,

     And saved the sum of things for pay.


Analysis:


The idea of this poem seems to be the

irony that people who have no real

interest in an institution or system,

can be the ones that save it. Perhaps,

as an atheist, Housman was thinking

of himself in society and the 

university he taught at. The value of

outsiders, and their ironic role as

tragic and unsung heroes is underlined

by them doing "for pay" when other,

more high-minded people, refused to act 

according to their principles.


The rhythm is perfectly regular. In such

a sort poem, we should not expect more.

 


© C.A. MacLennan 2025